英语学习者最常犯的十个语法错误

10 MOST COMMON Grammar Mistakes English Learners Make

 大家好 我是艾玛英语的艾玛

Hello I’m Emma from mmmEnglish!

噢 天

Oh my goodness,

非常感谢上周大家观看我的节目

thank you so much for celebrating with me last week.

这真的太有趣

It was so much fun!

我觉得

I was thinking

我不能就这样戛然而止

that I don’t really want to stop celebrating just yet.

所以今天我要和大家分享一个超赞的消息

So I’ve got something super special to share with you today.

五月份 就这个月哦

During May, this month,

艾玛英语的订阅者将能加入

mmmEnglish subscribers will be able to join

艾玛英语的语法挑战营

the mmmEnglish grammar challenge.

我邀请大家参与此项活动

And I’m inviting you to join the challenge

和我一起提升英语水平

to improve your English with me

也给自己一个机会

and give you the chance

来赢得本节目提供的绝佳奖品

to win some really fun mmmEnglish prizes

奖品有本课程的同名T恤 我们的课程

including mmmEnglish t-shirts, mmmEnglish courses

以及和我对话练习的机会

and a chance to win some conversation practice with me.

加入活动很简单也很值得

It’s super easy to join and a really good idea

因为只要参与

because just by participating,

你就能够提升英语水平

you’ll be improving your English skills.

因此 来订阅我们的节目 这是第一步

So make sure you subscribe, that’s the first step

就在那儿

just down there

接着坚持观看本期视频

and then keep watching this video

就知道怎样加入挑战营啦

to find out how you can join the challenge.

本期视频 我打算分享

In this video, I’m going to share

英语学习者最常犯的十个语法错误

the ten most common grammar mistakes that English learners make.

当我读大家给我视频的评论时

When I’m reading your comments below my videos

以及在我给大家回复邮件时

and I’m replying to your emails,

我注意到 大家总会持续犯同样的错误

I always notice the same mistakes that you consistently make.

在语言学校和大学

And through years of teaching English

教英语的这些年

at language schools and at university,

这些错误

these are the same mistakes

是大部分英语学习者都会犯的错误

that a whole range of English learners make,

无论是初学者还是高水平者

from beginners right through to even advanced level students.

大家一而再再而三犯的错

They’re just really common mistakes

其实很普遍

that you keep making again and again

你懂的 有时候是因为语法难懂

sometimes because, you know, the grammar is difficult to understand

但有时是因为

but sometimes because

没人给你纠正这些错误

these mistakes have never been properly corrected for you.

因此它们演变为不良习惯

so they become bad habits.

你甚至没有注意到它们 但它们始终存在

They keep happening without you even realising it.

如果你不能认识到这些错误

And if you don’t recognise them,

不知道自己正在犯的错误

if you don’t see the mistakes that you’re making,

那你就没法改正 对吧？

then you can’t fix them, can you?

所以我想帮助大家纠正错误

So I want to help you to do that.

我希望大家可以开始注意到

I want you to start seeing the mistakes

自己的语法错误

that you’re making.

希望大家能在写作中发现这些错误

I want you to see it in your writing

这样就能自己修改它们

so that you can correct yourself.

当你着手在写作中纠正错误时

And then when you start doing that

你将会自然而然地在说口语时纠正自己

you’ll naturally be correcting yourself when you speak.

艾玛英语的语法挑战营会帮助大家

The mmmEnglish grammar challenge will help you

去练习并改正

to practise and improve all of these mostakes

大家时常会犯的所有错误

the ones that you sometimes make.

要是看到了这节课 一定要报名

So once you watch this lesson, make sure you sign up,

加入这个活动 叫上小伙伴一起来吧！

join the challenge, get your friends to join too!

朋友间的小竞赛挺有趣的

A little friendly competition is a good thing

这样大家可以一起玩耍

so that we can all have some fun together and

同时还能提升英语水平

improve your English skills while we’re doing it.

那么 英语学习者最常犯的十个语法错误

So what are the 10 most common grammar mistakes

都有什么呢？

that English learners make?

错误一 不可数名词

Number one, uncountable nouns.

你可能知道

So you probably know

英语中的名词有两类

that there are two types of nouns in English

可数名词和不可数名词

countable and uncountable nouns.

可数名词很简单！

Countable nouns are easy!

你能数的过来

You can count them.

当数量超过一时

And when there’s more than one,

名词单数变为复数 加“S”

the noun becomes plural, we add an S.

“One apple, three cars, a million subscribers.”

One apple, three cars, a million subscribers.

可数名词数量不止有一个时 名词变为复数形式

The noun becomes plural when there’s more than one

当我们就讨论一个东西的时候

and we can use the singular articles a and an

可以用单数冠词“a”和“an”

when we’re talking about just one of them.

但不可数名词就不同了

But uncountable nouns are different.

他们通常没有复数形式

They don’t usually have a plural form.

你不能用单数冠词与之连用

You can’t use a singular article with them

而是需要用量词来表达

and you need to use quantifiers to help explain

它们究竟有多少

how much of the noun there is.

在英语句子中 与可数名词相比

The way that you use uncountable nouns in english sentences

使用不可数名词的方式是截然不同的

is completely different to countable nouns.

我们来比较一下“apple”和“advice”

Let’s just compare apple,

“apple”是可数名词“advice”是不可数名词

a countable noun, and advice, an uncountable noun.

“I have an apple for you.”

I have an apple for you.

“I have a piece of advice for you.”

I have a piece of advice for you.

“How many apples do you have?”

How many apples do you have?

“How much advice do you have?”

How much advice do you have?

“I have a few apples for you.”

I have a few apples for you.

“I have a little advice for you.”

I have a little advice for you.

重要的不仅是名词本身

It’s not just the noun that’s important,

名词类型还会影响句子中的其他词汇

the type of noun affects many other words in your sentence.

所以使用不正确的词修饰不可数名词

So using the wrong words with the uncountable noun

在英语中真的是极其常见的错误

in an English sentence is a really, really common mistake.

不知不觉中就容易犯错

And it’s easy to do without realising that you’re doing it.

可能你都没意识到一个词是不可数名词

Perhaps you don’t realise that a noun is uncountable.

错误二 不规则动词

Mistake number two, irregular verbs.

这也是很常见的英语错误

Now these are also really common English mistakes.

很难掌握

Difficult to master

因为没有规则让你清晰地理解

because there are no rules that you can learn to logically explain

为什么一个动词是规则的 而另一个不是

why one verb is regular and the other is not.

尽管不规则动词比规则动词少

Even though there are fewer irregular verbs than regular verbs,

但许多不规则动词真的是很常用的动词

many irregular verbs are really, really common verbs.

你避不开他们 就得学习它们

You can’t escape them, you need to learn them.

错误三 主谓一致

Number three, subject-verb agreement.

主谓一致就如它的名称一样简单

Subject-verb agreement is as simple as it sounds.

主语和谓语在英语句子中

The subject and the verb in English sentences

必须达成一致 它们必须相匹配

must agree, they must match.

那么它为什么会是英语中如此常见的错误呢？

So why is it such a common mistake in English?

就连我那些英语很优秀的学生

Even my advanced English students

有时也会犯这种错误

sometimes make these mistakes as well.

这仅仅因为他们已养成一些不良习惯

And it’s simply because they’ve got into some bad habits.

他们都没有意识到自己在犯这些错误

They don’t realise that they’re making these mistakes.

“That car looks expensive.”

That car looks expensive.

“Those cars look expensive.”

Those cars look expensive.

“Paul is looking out the window.”

Paul is looking out the window.

“John and Tim are looking out the window.”

John and Tim are looking out the window.

“Do those student like to eat bananas?”

Do those students like to eat bananas?

“Does this student like to eat bananas?”

Does this student like to eat bananas?

这些错误都很容易改正

These mistakes are very easy to fix.

不良习惯能够矫正 但是你需要看到它们

Bad habits can be fixed but you need to see them.

所以在艾玛英语语法挑战营中

So I’ll explain more about this in detail

我会更详细地解释这些错误

during the mmmEnglish grammar challenge.

错误四 助动词 没错

Common mistake number four, auxiliary verbs.

是的 英语中的三个主要助动词有

Yes, the three main auxiliary verbs in English:

“do”“be”以及“have”

do be and have.

助动词至关重要

They’re very important

更深入地学习这些

and learning a little more about them

有助于显著提升英语语法水平

is going to help you improve your English grammar a lot

因为在英语句子中

because the relationship between an auxiliary verb

助动词和主动词之间的关系

and the main verb in an English sentence

清晰且简单

is very clear and simple.

助动词“do”出现在一般时态

The auxiliary verb do appears in the simple tenses.

助动词“be”出现在进行时态

The auxiliary verb be appears in the continuous tenses

以及被动语态里

and also in the passive voice.

助动词“have”

And the auxiliary verb have

出现在完成时态里

appears in the perfect tenses.

这一部分内容在英语中是相互联系的

This is one part of English that is really consistent.

即便你正在犯这些错误中的任何一个

So if you’re making any of these mistakes,

我们也能轻松改正

we can fix them easily.

所以加入我们的挑战营

So join me for the challenge

学习更多关于助动词的知识

and learn more about auxiliary verbs

纠正这些普遍的语法错误

and fix these common grammar mistakes.

错误五 冠词

Mistake number five, articles.

你应该用哪一个冠词呢？

Which one should you use?

什么时候用 以及为什么用？

When and why?

冠词无疑使英语学习者最头疼

Articles must cause the most headaches for English learners.

“the”是定冠词

The is the definite article,

“a”和“an”是不定冠词

a and an are indefinite articles.

定冠词和不定冠词之间的差别

The difference between definite and indefinite articles

就是特指名词和普通名词之间的差异

is the difference between talking about a specific noun and a general noun.

如果你问我“Can you pass me a pen？”

If you asked me”Can you pass me a pen?”

那意味着任何一支笔都行 不是特定的一支笔

That means any of these pens, not a specific one.

但是当你问我“Can you pass me the blue pen？”

But if you asked me”Can you pass me the blue pen?”

那就仅指这支笔 而不是其他笔

that only means this pen, none of the others.

但是有时候你根本不需要用到冠词

But sometimes you don’t need to use an article at all.

因此导致

So it’s easy to see

冠词是英语学习者

why articles are some of

最常犯的错误之一

the most common mistakes that English learners make.

好消息是有一些简单规则

The good news is that there are some simple rules

你可以通过遵循它们来选择正确的冠词

that you can follow to choose the right article.

我也有一些干货

And I’ve got a few tips

想要在挑战营时候和大家分享

that I want to share with you during the challenge

以便帮助大家学习更多有关冠词

to help you learn a little bit more about articles

和冠词的使用方法

and how to use them.

错误六 介词

Number six, prepositions

“in”“on”“at”“by”“with”“for”这类词

words like in, on, at, by, with, for

你懂的哈

you get my point

这些单词在英语中

These words, they help to give information

提供关于时间 位置和方向的信息

about time, location and direction in English.

就像冠词令人头痛一样

Just like articles may also cause a few headaches,

有时 同样的介词在不同语境下有不同含义

sometimes the same preposition can have different meanings depending on the context.

如果说你的钥匙“in the car”

If your keys are in the car,

意思就与“at the car”不同

the meaning is different to at the car.

但是要说是“in school”

But if you’re in school, the meaning is pretty much

意思就与“at school”差不多了

the same as at school.

“I had a coffee at Helen’s”

I had a coffee at Helen’s.

意思是在她家 或者“I had acoffee with Helen.”

That means at her house or I had a coffee with Helen.

意味着我们一起喝了杯咖啡

That means we had a coffee together

但是可能是在任何地方

but it could have been anywhere.

这些小词能够显著地影响

These tiny little words can influence

英语句子的含义

the meaning of your English sentence significantly.

但这也是一种挑战

But they are a challenge

因为使用它们的规则和原因不总是清晰的

because the rules and reasons for using them are not always clear.

此外 在自己的母语里

Plus, you could be thinking about

你可以去找恰当的介词

the correct preposition that’s used in your own native language

但是他们不能直接翻译成英语

but they don’t translate directly into English

这也可能会是个问题

and this can be a problem too.

无论如何 你需要练习才能正确使用它们

Anyway, to get them right you need to practise

这些正是我们在挑战营期间要做的

and that’s exactly what we’ll do during the challenge.

错误七 我们来聊一下问句的词序问题

Number seven, we’re going to talk about word order in questions.

提出问题 给出答案

So asking questions, giving answers.

这是英语对话的基础

It’s the basics of a great conversation in English,

其实 对任何语言都是如此

in any language, really.

但在提问时词序混乱

But one common mistake is using the wrong word order

是一个常见的错误

when you’re asking questions.

“We can go shopping this afternoon?”

We can go shopping this afternoon?

“What you are cooking for dinner?”

What you are cooking for dinner?

英语问句里的词序问题

Word order in English questions

是很常见的语法错误

is a common grammar mistake.

我看到很多这样的错误 听到的甚至更多

I see it a lot and I hear even more often

还有另一个问题 英语中不同类型的问句

and another thing, different types of questions in English

要用不同的语调

use different intonation,

因此使句型和语调匹配很重要

so getting the structure and the intonation right is important

如果你想要口语和以英语为母语的人一样地道

if you want to sound natural like a native English speaker.

好消息是 英语的问句始终如一

The good news is that English questions are really consistent,

它们遵循一个清晰的结构

they follow a clear structure.

疑问词 助动词

Question word, auxiliary verb,

主语和主动词

subject and your main verb.

如果你按这个顺序记住这些单词

If you remember these words in this order,

你的问句就总是正确的

your questions should always be correct.

错误八 幸运的八

Mistake number eight, lucky eight.

现在完成时

The present perfect tense.

这个时态很难缠

Now, this tense is a challenging one.

有一般现在完成时

There’s the present perfect simple

和现在完成进行时

and the present perfect continuous.

你可以在句子中用“for”和“since”

You can also use the words for and since

辅助表达时态信息

with these tenses to help you express information about time.

现在讲现在完成时的句子结构

Now, the structure of a present perfect sentence

它可能还不算难

It’s probably not the difficult part.

你可能知道

You probably know

它的句子结构是主语+助动词“have”

that there’s the subject, the auxiliary verb have

+主动词的过去分词形式

and the main verb in past participle form.

但是在现在完成进行时里

But in the present perfect continuous,

过去分词动词是“been”

your past participle verb is been

并且后面跟着动词的-ing形式

and it’s followed by a verb in -ing form.

不要忘记助动词的词形变化

Don’t forget to conjugate that auxiliary verb,

这取决于主语

depending on the subject.

这令人困惑 因为这个时态既和过去有关

So it’s confusing because this tense is about the past

又和现在有关

and the present at the same time.

它把过去和现在发生的事连接起来

It connects something that happened in the past to the present moment

在英语中 有几种不同方式能起到这种作用

and there are a few different ways that this can happen in English.

尽管它有点麻烦

So although it’s complicated,

但在英语中是一个经常使用的时态

it is a really commonly used tense in English

因此 你需要理解它

so you need to understand it.

如果你加入艾玛英语挑战营

If you join the mmmEnglish challenge,

我会更详细地解释

I’m going to explain

如何使用这个时态

how to use this tense in more detail

还会帮助大家练习使用它

and help you to practise using it as well.

下一个错误 第九个了

Another mistake, this is number nine,

一般过去时

the difference between the past simple

和现在完成时之间的差异

and the present perfect tense.

如我所说

Like I said,

现在完成时也和过去有关

the present perfect is also about the past

这本身就挺让人费解的 是不？

which is confusing in itself, right?

为什么就不能只用一般过去时

So why not just use the past simple

来讨论过去呢？

to talk about the past?

为了弄懂何时使用一般过去时

To understand when to use the past simple

何时使用现在完成时

and when to use the present perfect tense

你得从时间上入手

you need to think about time.

完成时间和未完成时间

Finished time and unfinished time.

Last week是一个典型的完成时间

Last week is a good example of finished time,

它完成了 结束了

it’s complete, it’s over.

但是This week是未完成的

But this week is unfinished,

这是一个未完成时间的例子

it’s an example of unfinished time,

这周还有大把时间

there’s still more of this week to come,

它还尚未结束

it’s not finished yet.

所以当你使用这两个不同的时态时

So expressions of time are really important

时间的表述尤为重要

when you’re using these two different tenses.

昨天 上周 上个月 1991年

Yesterday, last week, last month, 1991.

这些都是完成时间的例子

These are all examples of finished time.

已经过去的时间

Time that’s complete.

所以应该用一般过去时

So you would use the past simple.

但是当你考虑一个未完成的时间段

But when you’re thinking about a time period that is unfinished

像今天 这周 这个月 我这一辈子

like today, this week, this month, my life,

要用现在完成时

use the present perfect.

敲黑板啦

Again,

我将在挑战营和大家一起温习这部分内容

I’ll go over this with you during the challenge.

最后一个 错误十

Lastly, mistake number ten.

我还纳闷这是否算是一个

And I wonder if this is a mistake

大家时常会犯的错误呢

that you sometimes make

不总会错 但偶尔会

not all the time but sometimes.

什么时候使用以-ed和-ing结尾的形容词呢？

When do you use adjectives that end in -ed and -ing?

“He looks bored.”

There is a big difference between”He looks bored.”

和“He looks boring.”之间有很大差异

and”He looks boring.”

“I am interested.”

“I am interested.”

或者“I am interesting.”

or”I am interesting.”

这些形容词间没有太大区别

There doesn’t seem to be much difference between these adjectives

但是在句子里面乱用这些词

but using them incorrectly in your sentence

会彻底改变句意

completely changes the meaning.

幸好有一些简单的规则能帮助大家

Luckily, there are some simple rules to help you

记住哪一个是正确的用法

remember which one is the right one to use.

现在我想要帮助大家提升英语水平

Now I want to help you improve your English

那么 修正这十个常见的错误

and fixing these ten common mistakes

是个很好的出发点

is a really good place to start.

那就和我一起加入艾玛英语挑战营吧

So come and take the mmmEnglish challenge with me.

我将讲解所有这些英语语法重点

I’ll explain all of these important English grammar points

以便于大家能够理解它们

so that you can understand them

之后大家会做一个小测验

and then you’ll be able to take a short quiz

来检验学习效果

to check what you’ve learned.

加入艾玛英语挑战营非常简单

Joining the mmmEnglish challenge is really easy.

第一步 只要订阅这个频道

Step one, just subscribe to this channel.

为加入挑战营 你必须成为节目订阅者

To join the challenge, you must be an mmmEnglish subscriber.

如果你还未成为订阅者

If you’re not a subscriber already,

只要点击那里那个红色按钮

just click that red button down there.

非常简单！

Easy!

第二步 登录这个网站

Step two, go to this website.

为了加入 你得注册 并且支付一美元

To join, you need to sign up and pay a dollar.

依然十分简单！

Also really easy!

第三步 完成十节课

Step three, complete the ten lessons.

关于英语学习者

Yeah there are ten lessons

最常犯的十个错误的十节课

about the ten most common mistakes that English learners make.

我希望大家能修正这些错误

I want you to fix these mistakes in your English,

所以我会解释每一个语法点

so I’ll explain each of the grammar points

并且为大家提供大量的例子

and give you lots of examples

然后大家会用每节课后的小测验

and then you’ll check your knowledge

检验所学知识

with a short quiz at the end of each lesson.

大家将和我一起学习并且提高语法技巧

So you’ll study with me and improve your grammar skills

并进行测试

and test your skills.

一定非常有趣

It’s going to be super fun,

叫上小伙伴也来报名

get your friends to join in as well

要在五月底

and make sure that you complete all of the lessons

完成全部课程

by the end of May.

挑战成功

If you do that,

可以赢得艾玛英语的一份奖品

you could win one of the many mmmEnglish prizes.

我们正在赠送T恤 英语课程

We’re giving away t-shirts, English courses

甚至还有和我对话练习呦

and even conversation practice with me.

快快登录网站注册吧

So head over to the website to sign up – let’s do this!

立即行动！

Do it now!

下周YouTube不见不散

I’ll be back here next week on YouTube

下周讲其他内容

with another lesson for you.

再见啦！

Bye for now!